25 marks – 45 minutes
Instructions: Answer all questions. Write clearly and use examples where asked.
Define the term “social engineering”. (1 mark)
Give two examples of social engineering techniques. (2 marks)
What is malware? Give one example. (2 marks)
State two ways a user can make their password more secure. (2 marks)
What is a brute-force attack? (1 mark)
Name two methods used to prevent cyber attacks (other than passwords). (2 marks)
Explain what phishing is and describe two signs that an email might be a phishing attempt. (4 marks)
Describe how a SQL injection attack works and explain one way it can be prevented. (3 marks)
Explain the difference between penetration testing and anti-virus software as forms of protection. (3 marks)
A school network has been infected with ransomware.
a) What does ransomware do? (1 mark)
b) Give two ways the school could reduce the impact of ransomware. (2 marks)
Explain what a denial-of-service (DoS) attack is and why it is difficult to stop. (2 marks)